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Gelato artigianale - Gelateria Il Gusto delle Coccole
IL GELATO ARTIGIANALE Gelateria Il Gusto delle Coccole
La preparazione del gelato artigianale prevede diverse fasi di lavorazione che vanno dalla pastorizzazione all’omogeneizzazione e dalla maturazione alla mantecazione. Queste possono essere eseguite sia con lavorazione a caldo sia con lavorazione a freddo.
LAVORAZIONE A FREDDO DEGLI INGREDIENTI PER GELATO ARTIGIANALE
Semplice miscelazione degli ingredienti, breve riposo e successivo raffreddamento della miscela ottenuta, detta “mantecazione”. Questo metodo rapido, generalmente utilizzato per i gelati di frutta, i sorbetti e le granite può essere impiegato però anche per i gelati al latte e richiede una pulizia attenta in ogni fase della lavorazione per evitare di trasmettere carica batterica durante la manipolazione degli ingredienti.
LAVORAZIONE A CALDO DEGLI INGREDIENTI PER GELATO ARTIGIANALE
Si ha quando si attua la pastorizzazione di tutti gli ingredienti. La lavorazione a caldo della miscela base è consigliata quando si producono grandi quantità di gelato artigianale. Questa base verrà adoperata in piccole frazioni, dilazionata nel tempo (entro 72 ore), aggiungendo poi in una seconda manipolazione la pasta aromatica, prima della mantecazione.
LA PASTORIZZAZIONE DEL GELATO ARTIGIANALE
Per abbattere la carica batterica, la miscela da gelato artigianale è sottoposta a pastorizzazione. Pastorizzare un liquido vuol dire riscaldarlo a una temperatura compresa fra +65°C e +85°C, farlo sostare a quella temperatura per tempi proporzionati alla temperatura stessa (più alta è la temperatura, più breve è la sosta) e quindi raffreddarlo velocemente fino alla temperatura media di conservazione 4°C/5°C, all’interno del pastorizzatore. L’intero processo di pastorizzazione deve durare meno di due ore. Ma è importantissimo che la fase di raffreddamento si compia in meno di un’ora. Parallelamente a questa fase, si svolge la fase di omogeneizzazione, che serve a rendere uniforme la miscela. Durante il ciclo di pastorizzazione infatti le sostanze grasse presenti nel composto, notoriamente meno idrosolubili, vengono spezzettate ed amalgamate nella miscela in modo da renderla omogenea.
LA MATURAZIONE DEL GELATO ARTIGIANALE
Questa fase serve a far sì che i diversi ingredienti che compongono la miscela si amalgamino perfettamente, assorbendo così la parte liquida aggiunta (acqua e/o latte). La maturazione deve durare da 4 a 6 ore. La temperatura di maturazione sta attorno ai 4°C, cioè quella di un normale frigorifero a temperatura positiva.
LA MANTECAZIONE DEL GELATO ARTIGIANALE
Il processo di gelatura è senza dubbio l’operazione più importante nella produzione del gelato artigianale, poiché da essa dipendono per buona parte la qualità e la resa del prodotto.
Il processo di gelatura si può suddividere in due operazioni ben diverse:
• congelamento, nel quale la miscela da gelare è congelata sotto agitazione e in presenza d’aria;
• indurimento, nel quale il gelato artigianale subisce un ulteriore congelamento, senza agitazione e interventi di elementi esterni.
La composizione degli ingredienti di una miscela influisce sul corpo del gelato artigianale, mentre il congelamento influisce sulla struttura.
Scorrere verso l’alto
Scorrere verso l’alto
Scorrere verso l’alto